Publication date: 03.06.2024
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Work of minors with heavy objects: current restrictions
1. Introduction
Protection of the rights of minors in the workplace is an important component of labor legislation in many countries of the world. This is especially true for work involving heavy physical exertion. In this article, we will consider the current restrictions on the work of minors with heavy objects, the legal framework, the reasons for such restrictions and the possible consequences of their violation.
2. Legislative framework
2.1. International standards
The International Labor Organization (ILO) sets standards for child labor. ILO Convention No. 138 on the Minimum Age for Employment and ILO Convention No. 182 on the Prohibition and Immediate Measures for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor define the basic framework for the protection of the rights of minors.
2.2. National legislation
In Ukraine, minors' labor issues are regulated by the Labor Code of Ukraine (KZpP). Article 187 of the Labor Code prohibits the involvement of minors in heavy work and work with harmful or dangerous working conditions. There are also regulations that determine the maximum permissible loads for minors.
3. Restrictions on working with heavy things
3.1. Age restrictions
In Ukraine, the minimum age for employment is 16 years. However, with the consent of a parent or guardian, persons who have reached the age of 15 may be hired for light work. Persons between the ages of 14 and 15 may be involved in work during the holidays, provided that this does not harm their health and development.
3.2.Maximum permissible loads
According to regulations, the work of minors with heavy objects has strict restrictions on the maximum permissible loads. For example, for persons aged 16 to 18 years, the maximum weight to be lifted and carried by hand should not exceed 10 kg for boys and 7 kg for girls.
3.3. Prohibited types of work
Minors are prohibited from performing work that involves lifting, holding or carrying loads whose weight exceeds the established standards. Also, they cannot perform work related to increased danger, harmful working conditions or excessive physical exertion.
4. Reasons for restrictions
4.1. Health protection
The main reason for the restrictions is to protect the health of minors. Heavy physical exertion can negatively affect the development of the musculoskeletal system, cause chronic diseases and other health problems.
4.2. Psychological development
Working with heavy objects can also negatively affect the psychological development of minors. An increased level of stress and physical fatigue can lead to emotional burnout and deterioration of the psycho-emotional state.
4.3. Education and professional development
Involvement of minors in hard physical work can interfere with their education and professional development. Work should not interfere with the educational process and opportunities for further development.
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