Publication date: 11.06.2024
Impact of digitalization and automation on customs procedures: legal aspects and practice
Introduction
The modern world is steadily moving towards digitalization and automation, and customs procedures are no exception. The introduction of the latest technologies in the customs sphere can significantly increase the efficiency and transparency of processes, reduce time and resources, and minimize the risks of corruption. In this article, we will consider the legal aspects and practice of digitalization and automation of customs procedures in Ukraine.
Legal regulation
Customs Code of Ukraine:
- The Customs Code of Ukraine lays the groundwork for the digitalization of customs procedures, providing for the use of electronic documents and automated customs process management systems.
The Law of Ukraine "On Electronic Trust Services":
- The Law regulates the use of electronic signatures, electronic seals and other trust services, which are key to ensuring the legal force of electronic documents in the customs area.
Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine:
- The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine approves rules and procedures governing the use of automated systems and electronic documents in customs activities.
International agreements and standards:
- Ukraine is a party to many international agreements governing the digitalization of customs procedures, such as the Kyoto Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures, and adheres to the standards of the World Customs Organization (WCO).
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Practical aspects of digitalization and automation
Electronic declaration:
- One of the key elements of the digitalization of customs procedures is the introduction of electronic declaration. This allows foreign economic operators to submit customs declarations in electronic form, which significantly reduces the time for processing documents and reduces the likelihood of errors.
Automated risk management systems (ARMS):
- The use of the ACS allows customs authorities to effectively identify and assess the risks associated with the movement of goods across the border. This contributes to more targeted customs control and reduces the number of physical inspections.
Electronic document management:
- The introduction of electronic document management systems allows for the exchange of documents between foreign economic operators and customs authorities in electronic form. This increases the transparency and efficiency of processes.
Unified Automated Information System (UAIS):
- The EAIS integrates all customs clearance and control processes into a single electronic system that allows customs authorities to process data promptly, monitor and analyze in real time.
Benefits of digitalization and automation
Speeding up customs procedures:
- The use of electronic documents and automated systems significantly reduces the time required for customs clearance.
Cost reduction:
- Digitalization reduces the cost of paperwork and also reduces the financial costs associated with delays at customs.
Increase transparency and reduce corruption:
- Automation of processes and the use of electronic systems reduce the possibility of corruption and increase the transparency of customs procedures.
