Publication date: 11.06.2024
Legal aspects of municipal planning and zoning
Introduction
Municipal planning and zoning are important tools for managing the development of cities and towns in Ukraine. They help ensure the rational use of land resources, streamline development, create a comfortable living environment, and ensure the efficient functioning of urban infrastructure. This article examines the legal aspects of municipal planning and zoning in Ukraine, including the regulatory framework, basic principles and mechanisms for their implementation.
Legal and regulatory framework
The main legal acts regulating municipal planning and zoning in Ukraine are:
The Law of Ukraine "On Regulation of Urban Development":
- It defines the basic principles and procedure for the development of urban planning documentation, including master plans, detailed territory plans and zoning plans.
The Land Code of Ukraine:
- Regulates the use of land resources, including land categories and their designated purpose.
The Law of Ukraine "On Local Self-Government in Ukraine":
- Establishes the powers of local governments in the field of urban planning and land use.
State Building Standards (SBS):
- They define technical requirements for the design and construction of facilities that are mandatory in the development of urban planning documentation.
The Constitution of Ukraine:
- It enshrines the right of citizens to a safe and favorable living environment, which is realized through the mechanisms of urban planning.
Basic principles of municipal planning and zoning
Municipal planning and zoning is based on a number of principles that ensure the balanced development of territories:
Complexity:
- Consideration of all aspects of the territory's development, including social, economic, environmental and cultural factors.
Transparency and public participation:
- Involvement of citizens in urban planning decision-making through public hearings, project discussions, and consultations.
Efficient use of resources:
- Ensuring the rational use of land, water, forest and other natural resources.
Sustainable development:
- Taking into account the needs of future generations when planning the development of territories and preserving the natural environment.
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Safety and comfort:
- Creating conditions for safe and comfortable living for citizens, developing infrastructure and landscaping.
Implementation mechanisms
Municipal planning and zoning are implemented through the development and approval of urban planning documentation:
Master plan of the settlement:
- The main document that defines the strategic directions of development of a city or village, the location of residential and industrial zones, and infrastructure facilities.
Zoning plan for the territory:
- A document that establishes the functional purpose of certain zones of the territory and defines the permissible uses of land plots.
Detailed plan of the territory:
- A document that details the provisions of the master plan for certain parts of a settlement, determines the location of buildings, structures, roads and other objects.
Land management projects:
- Documentation that defines the boundaries of land plots, their intended purpose and conditions of use.
