Publication date: 26.06.2024
Medical standards and requirements for military service
Introduction
Medical standards and requirements for military service are defined to ensure the combat capability of the army and the health of military personnel. These standards regulate the physical and psychological condition required to perform military duties.
Basic medical criteria
1. 1. Physical condition
General state of health
- Absence of chronic diseases that may affect the performance of military duties.
- Absence of acute infectious diseases.
Cardiorespiratory system
- Normal blood pressure.
- Absence of cardiovascular diseases (e.g., hypertension, coronary heart disease).
- No chronic diseases of the respiratory system (e.g., bronchial asthma).
Musculoskeletal system
- Absence of serious diseases of the musculoskeletal system (e.g., arthritis, osteoporosis).
- Normal joint mobility, no injuries limiting motor functions.
Vision and hearing
- Normal vision or correction of vision to normal values with glasses or contact lenses.
- No serious eye diseases (e.g. glaucoma, cataracts).
- Normal hearing or hearing correction with hearing aids.
Mental state
- Absence of mental disorders that may affect the performance of military duties.
- Resistance to stress, ability to adapt quickly in combat conditions.
2. Psychological state
Emotional stability
- Ability to control emotions in stressful situations.
- No serious mental illnesses (e.g., depression, schizophrenia).
Cognitive functions
- Normal level of intellectual abilities.
- Ability to make quick decisions and think logically.
Social adaptation
- Ability to work in a team and interact with other servicemen.
- No antisocial behavior or serious personality disorders.
Main medical indicators
Height and weight
- Compliance of height and weight with the established standards for military personnel (body mass index).
Blood pressure
- Normal blood pressure without the use of medications.
Heart rate is the frequency of heartbeats
- Normal heart rate at rest and during exercise.
Laboratory analyzes
- Normal results of general blood and urine tests.
- Absence of infectious diseases (e.g., hepatitis, HIV).
Frequent reasons for being unfit for service based on the results of the medical examination
1. 1. cardiovascular diseases
- Hypertension: High blood pressure that is not controlled by medication.
- Coronary heart disease: The presence of angina or a previous myocardial infarction.
- Heart defects: Congenital or acquired defects that impair heart function.
2. Diseases of the respiratory system
- Bronchial asthma: A chronic disease with frequent attacks of bronchospasm.
- Chronic bronchitis: Constant cough with sputum production.
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3. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system
- Arthritis: Inflammatory diseases of the joints that limit mobility.
- Osteoporosis: A decrease in bone density that increases the risk of fractures.
- Scoliosis: Significant curvature of the spine.
4. 4. Mental disorders
- Schizophrenia: A chronic mental illness characterized by disorders of thinking, perception, and emotions.
- Bipolar disorder: Episodes of mania and depression that affect mood stability.
- Severe depression: Persistent depressive states that affect daily life and responsibilities.
- Anxiety disorders: In particular, generalized anxiety disorder, panic attacks.
5. Visual and hearing impairment
- Significant vision loss: Even with correction, if your vision does not meet the minimum requirements.
- Blindness in one eye.
- Deafness or significant hearing loss: Even with correction, if hearing does not meet the minimum requirements.
6. Endocrine diseases
- Diabetes mellitus: Especially type 1, which requires constant monitoring of blood sugar levels and insulin administration.
- Diseases of the thyroid gland: For example, hypo- or hyperthyroidism that is not controlled by medication.
7. Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract
- Gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer: Especially in the acute stage or with complications.
- Chronic inflammatory bowel disease: For example, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease.
8. Neurological diseases
- Epilepsy: The presence of seizures.
- Multiple sclerosis: A progressive disease of the central nervous system.
- Peripheral nervous disorders: For example, neuropathies affecting motor or sensory functions.
9. Diseases of the kidneys and urinary system
- Chronic renal failure: Decreased kidney function to a level that requires dialysis or transplantation.
- Urolithiasis: Frequent relapses or complications.
10. Infectious diseases
- HIV/AIDS: The presence of HIV infection with clinical manifestations.
- Hepatitis B and C: Chronic forms, especially with complications.
11. Oncological diseases
- Any malignant neoplasm: Especially in the stage of active treatment or metastasis.
- Remission after cancer: Less than 5 years without relapse.
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Conclusion.
The decision on fitness for military service is based on a detailed analysis of the candidate's health, including physical, psychological and laboratory indicators. The most common reasons for being unfit for service are related to serious chronic diseases, mental disorders and other medical conditions that may interfere with the performance of military duties. Each case is reviewed individually, taking into account the possibility of compensation or treatment of the condition identified.
