Publication date: 26.06.2024
Local self-government in Ukraine: structure and powers
Local self-government is an important component of public administration that ensures that local issues are addressed directly by territorial communities. In Ukraine, local self-government plays a key role in ensuring democratic development, improving the quality of life of citizens and effective management of territories. In this article, we will look at the structure of local self-government in Ukraine, its main powers and importance for society.
Constitutional basis of local self-government
Local self-government in Ukraine is based on the Constitution of Ukraine, which guarantees its implementation and defines the basic principles of local self-government. According to Article 140 of the Constitution of Ukraine, local self-government is the right of a territorial community to independently resolve issues of local importance within the framework of the Constitution and laws of Ukraine.
Structure of local self-government
The structure of local self-government in Ukraine includes the following key elements:
Territorial communities
A territorial community is the primary subject of local self-government, consisting of residents of a village, town or city. The community exercises its powers both directly and through elected local self-government bodies.
Local self-government bodies
Local self-government bodies include:
- Village, settlement and city councils. These are representative bodies that are elected by the residents of the respective territories on the basis of universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot.
- Executive bodies of councils. These include executive committees, departments and divisions that perform executive and administrative functions at the local level.
- Village, settlement and city mayors. They are the chairmen of the respective councils and head the executive committees.
Powers of local self-government
Local self-government bodies have a wide range of powers, which are divided into their own (self-governing) and delegated powers.
Own powers
Own powers are exercised directly by local authorities and include:
- Management of communal property. They manage and control the use and preservation of municipal property, decide on its transfer, lease and privatisation.
- Budgetary powers. They formulate, approve and execute local budgets, provide financial support for the socio-economic development of the territories.
- Housing and communal services. Provide public utilities, maintenance and development of the housing stock, and landscaping.
- Education and healthcare. Ensure the functioning and development of educational, healthcare, cultural and sports institutions.
- Social protection. Ensure social protection of the population, provide assistance to low-income, disabled, pensioners and other categories of citizens.
Delegated powers
Delegated powers are transferred to local governments by state authorities and include:
- Registration of civil status acts. They register births, deaths, marriages and divorces.
- Administrative services. Provide administrative services to the population, including issuing certificates, permits and licences.
- Control over compliance with the law. Provide control over compliance with legislation in various areas, including land relations, construction, environmental protection, etc.
Legal services for local authorities
Local governments often need legal support to effectively exercise their powers. Legal advice and counselling help to resolve legal issues that arise in the course of the activities of local councils and executive bodies.
Legal advice and consultation
A legal consultation and a legal advice may include a legal analysis of the situation, a legal review of documents, as well as written advice on various legal issues. A legal analysis of the situation helps to identify potential risks and violations of legal norms, as well as to develop a strategy for their elimination.
Legal review of documents and legal analysis of documents
Legal review of documents is an important step in ensuring the legality of local government activities. The lawyer will conduct a legal analysis of the documents and provide a legal opinion on their compliance with the law. This helps to avoid potential problems and ensure proper protection of citizens' rights.
Online lawyer and lawyer online
Modern technologies allow you to receive legal assistance online. An online lawyer and an online attorney can provide advice, legal analysis of documents, and a legal opinion without the need for a personal meeting. This is especially convenient for local governments located in remote regions.
Comprehensive legal analysis of the situation
Our law firm offers a service of comprehensive legal analysis of the situation. Our legal opinion of a lawyer, legal opinion and legal analysis is all you need, and with the service "legal analysis of the situation" and "written consultation" you get a full package of services. This approach allows you to take into account all aspects of the case and prepare the most effective strategy for defending or resolving a legal issue.
Challenges and prospects for local government
Challenges
Local governments in Ukraine face a number of challenges, including
- Financial instability. Insufficient funding of local budgets limits the ability of local governments to address local issues.
- Staffing problems. The lack of qualified personnel in local governments can lead to ineffective management and poor decision-making.
- Imperfect legislation. Constant changes in legislation can complicate the activities of local governments and create legal uncertainty.
Outlook.
Despite the challenges, local government in Ukraine has significant potential for development. The prospects include:
- Decentralisation. Further decentralisation of power will help to expand the powers of local self-government and increase its efficiency.
- Attracting investment. The development of local infrastructure and the creation of favourable conditions for business will help attract investment in local communities.
- Increasing transparency. The introduction of e-governance and control systems will increase the transparency of local government and reduce corruption risks.
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