Publication date: 02.07.2024
Powers of the National Guard during emergencies
Introduction.
The National Guard of Ukraine (NGU) plays a key role in ensuring security and law and order in the country, especially during emergencies. Its activities are regulated by special legal acts that define its powers and responsibilities in emergency situations, such as natural disasters, man-made accidents, terrorist threats and other emergencies. In this article, we will examine the legal regulation of the powers of the National Guard of Ukraine during emergencies, the main tasks it performs and the challenges it faces in its work.
Legislative regulation
TheLaw of Ukraine "On the National Guard of Ukraine": This law defines the legal status, tasks and powers of the NGU, including its role in responding to emergencies.
Law of Ukraine "On the Legal Regime of the State of Emergency": The Law establishes the legal regime, procedure for introducing and enforcing the state of emergency, as well as the powers of the authorities, including the NGU, during the state of emergency.
Law of Ukraine On Civil Defence: This law regulates civilian protection measures during emergencies and defines the powers of the NGU in ensuring civil defence.
Law of Ukraine "On Combating Terrorism": The Law defines the basic principles and procedure for combating terrorism, including the powers of the NGU to conduct anti-terrorist operations.
The main powers of the National Guard during emergencies are as follows
Ensuring public order: The NGU protects public order during emergencies, prevents offences and ensures the safety of citizens. This includes patrolling the streets, monitoring compliance with the law and responding quickly to threats.
Evacuation of the population: In the event of an emergency, such as a natural or man-made disaster, the NGU is involved in the evacuation of the population from danger zones, ensuring the safe movement of people to safe places.
Providing first aid: NGU servicemen provide first aid to victims of emergencies, ensuring medical evacuation and transporting the wounded to medical facilities.
Disaster relief: The NGU participates in the aftermath of natural and man-made disasters, including rescue operations, rubble removal, hazardous materials clean-up and other activities.
Protection ofimportant facilities: During emergencies, the NGU provides protection for strategically important facilities, such as government offices, power plants, water intake facilities and other critical infrastructure.
Ensuring the state of emergency: In the event of a state of emergency, the NGU is tasked with maintaining law and order, restricting traffic, establishing checkpoints and enforcing restrictive measures.
Anti-terrorist operations.
Identificationand neutralisation of terrorist threats: The NGU takes measures to detect and neutralise terrorist threats, prevent terrorist acts and ensure public safety.
Release of hostages: In the event of hostage-taking, the NGU conducts operations to free hostages, neutralise terrorists and ensure the safety of hostages.
Cooperation with other law enforcement agencies: The NGU cooperates with other law enforcement agencies, such as the Security Service of Ukraine, the police and the State Border Guard Service, in conducting anti-terrorist operations and ensuring national security.
Challenges for the National Guard during emergencies
Insufficientfunding: One of the main challenges is insufficient funding, which limits the NGU's ability to provide the necessary equipment, transport, communications and other logistical support.
Training and education of personnel: An important component of the NGU's effective operation is the preparation and training of personnel to respond to emergencies. This includes regular exercises, training and professional development of military personnel.
Coordination with other agencies: Effective coordination with other state agencies and international organisations is essential to ensure prompt response to emergencies and the elimination of their consequences.
Psychological support: Members of the NGU who are involved in disaster relief and rescue operations may experience significant psychological stress. The provision of psychological support and rehabilitation is an important aspect of the NGU's activities.
International experience
Learning from international experience in responding to emergencies can help improve the NGU's performance. For example, cooperation with international organisations such as the UN, NATO and the EU can provide for the exchange of experience, participation in joint exercises and international assistance.
Conclusion.
The National Guard of Ukraine plays a key role in ensuring security and law and order during emergencies. Its activities are regulated by special legal acts that define its powers and responsibilities. The NGU performs a wide range of tasks, including ensuring public order, evacuating the population, providing first aid, dealing with disasters, protecting important facilities and conducting anti-terrorist operations.
At the same time, the NGU faces numerous challenges, including insufficient funding, the need to train and educate personnel, coordinate with other agencies, and provide psychological support to servicemen. Overcoming these challenges requires decisive action by the state, the government and the international community.
Implementation of measures aimed at improving the performance of the NGU will contribute to strengthening national security, protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens and ensuring stability and peace in Ukraine.
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