Publication date: 06.06.2024
Lawyer with 15 years of legal experience, specialization: family and civil law, inheritance, contract law, criminal cases, administrative cases, cases involving foreigners, migration law
Forgery of documents is one of the most complex categories of crimes that require a thorough investigation and highly qualified specialists. Detecting and proving the fact of forgery largely depends on the results of expert research. In this article, we will consider the role of expert research in cases of forgery, the main types of expertise and their importance in the legal process.
Types of expert research
Graphological examination
Graphological examination is one of the most important tools in determining the authenticity of signatures and handwriting. Experts analyse such aspects as:
- Writing style
Pressure when writing
Slope and coherence of letters
This examination allows us to determine whether the signature belongs to the declared signatory or whether the signature is a forgery.
Technical examination of documents
Technical examination of documents includes the analysis of the physical and chemical properties of paper, ink and other materials. The main methods include:
- Analysis of watermarks and holograms
Examination of ink composition
Checking for corrections and additions
This examination helps determine whether a document has been altered after its creation.
Examination of printing media
This type of examination is aimed at identifying the features of typewriters, printers and other devices that could be used to create a fake document. Experts analyse:
- Printer type and model
Printing features (prints, fonts)
Use of false seals and stamps
The importance of expert research in litigation
Evidence base
The results of expert studies are an important element of the evidence base in cases of document forgery. They provide objective evidence that can confirm or refute the fact of forgery. Court practice shows that expert opinions are often crucial for a court decision.
Impartiality and objectivity
Expert studies are conducted by independent experts, which guarantees their impartiality and objectivity. This is especially important in cases where the prosecution and defence have conflicting positions on the authenticity of documents.
A comprehensive approach
In complex document forgery cases, several types of examinations are often carried out, which allows for a comprehensive assessment of the circumstances of the case. A comprehensive approach provides more accurate and reliable results that are taken into account during the trial.
The role of lawyers in the process of expert research
Attorneys play an important role in the process of organising and conducting expert research. They ensure the proper preparation of documents, the selection of competent experts and control over the expert examination process. In addition, attorneys analyse the results of expert examinations and use them to build a legal strategy for the defence or prosecution.
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Conclusion
Expert research is an integral part of the investigation of document forgery cases. They provide objective and scientifically based information that is critical to establishing the truth in such cases. The role of attorneys in this process is to ensure that the examinations are conducted properly and that their results are used effectively in court proceedings. Cooperation with experienced human rights defenders helps to ensure a fair trial and protect the interests of all parties to the process.
